Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to measure financial inclusion as one of the main components of sustainable development goals (SDGs) for a sample of MENA countries. The study applies Sarma (2016) approach to build an index of financial inclusion. Based on 13 MENA countries divided into oil-producing and oil-non-producing economies between 2004 and 2022, we found that financial inclusion differs from one country to another and from one period to another. Oil-producing countries have more stable development in their level of financial inclusion. They are also characterized by a high level of resilience to economic, social, and financial shocks as they have maintained the progress of their indexes during last distress moments such as the financial crisis of 2008, the social and political crisis of the Arabic Spring, and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Article Details
- Year: 2024
- Volume: 45
- Issue: 2
- Pages: 267 - 286
- Accepted: 30.06.2024
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16892653 -
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How to Cite?
Abderrazek Elkhaldi, Amna Abdul Ameer Abdul Kareem, Mongi Arfawi, Edib Smolo (2024). Measuring Financial Inclusion for Mena Countries Using Sarma (2016) Approach. Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development, 45(2), 267-286. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16892653
